A stroke, often referred to as a “brain attack,” occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die within minutes, leading to potential long-term disability or death. Strokes can be categorized into two main types: ischemic and hemorrhagic, with each type having distinct causes and consequences.
What are the different types of stroke
Ischemic Stroke:
This is the most common type of stroke, accounting for approximately 87% of all strokes. It occurs when a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain is obstructed.
Causes:
Thrombotic Stroke: Formed by a blood clot (thrombus) that develops in an artery supplying blood to the brain. This is often associated with atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by plaque buildup in the arteries.
Embolic Stroke: Occurs when a blood clot or debris formed elsewhere in the body (often the heart) travels through the bloodstream and lodges in a brain artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke:
This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, leading to bleeding in or around the brain.
Causes:
Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Bleeding occurs within the brain itself, often due to high blood pressure or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Bleeding occurs in the space between the brain and the tissues covering it, commonly caused by the rupture of an aneurysm.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA):
Often called a “mini-stroke,” a TIA is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA doesn’t cause permanent damage and lasts only a few minutes to a few hours.
Causes: A temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain, usually due to a blood clot.
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